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Cortical Desynchronization (Fast Timescale)

This demo illustrates the fast-timescale effect of serotonergic psychedelics: increasing gain weakens synchronization in a coupled oscillator field, spreading activity across more independent modes (MEG-like Deff increase). The companion paper shows this is only half the story — at slow hemodynamic timescales, the observed BOLD covariance can become more low-dimensional, even after global signal removal.

Cortical Oscillators

5-HT2A Gain Modulation (Fast Timescale)

R = 0.50
← DRAG LEFT/RIGHT TO MODULATE GAIN →
SYNCHRONIZED

Synchronized: Low gain creates strong coupling. Oscillators lock to shared phase (high R). The cortex is constrained.

Desynchronized: High gain weakens coupling. Oscillators decouple (low R). More independent modes become active.

External Drive: When synchronization is weak, external inputs can drive the system more easily.

MEG analyses show serotonergic psychedelics increase effective dimensionality (Deff +15%, p=0.003). This demo visualizes the fast-timescale desynchronization via the Kuramoto order parameter R. At slow hemodynamic timescales, the effect reverses.

Fast (MEG-like):Deff ↑ — more independent oscillatory modes
Slow (fMRI BOLD):Deff ↓, PC1 ↑ — more shared variance (survives GSR)

What This Demo Shows

Kuramoto Oscillators (Fast Layer)

Each cell represents a local cortical population with its own intrinsic frequency. Neighboring populations are coupled — they tend to synchronize, like pendulums on a shared beam. This creates the large-scale waves visible at low gain.

Gain Modulation (Psychedelic Intuition)

5-HT2A agonism is often modeled as increased dendritic gain. In a coupled oscillator system, higher gain can amplify local perturbations, weakening phase-locking and promoting desynchronization.

What We Measure Here

The live metric shown is the Kuramoto order parameter R (global synchrony). Lower R means less global phase-locking. This demo is a conceptual illustration of the fast electrophysiological regime.

What This Demo Is Not

This is not a hemodynamic forward model and does not simulate BOLD. In the companion paper, slow fMRI covariance shifts in the opposite direction (PC1 ↑, Deff ↓) despite fast desynchronization. The lesson: dimensionality depends on timescale and measurement channel.

What the Paper Found

In MEG analyses, serotonergic psychedelics show increased effective dimensionality (Deff +15%, p = 0.003), consistent with reduced synchronization at fast timescales. Ketamine (NMDA antagonist) does not show the same directional change.

The key result: the slow hemodynamic channel behaves differently. In a precision-mapping psilocybin fMRI dataset, covariance becomes more low-dimensional (Deff −10%, PC1 ↑), and this persists after global signal regression (p = 0.036).

"Psychedelic entropy" is observation-operator dependent, not a single brain-wide scalar.